Grinding machines



Oct. 11, 1955 E. FOUQUET GRINDING MACHINES 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 11. 1951 Oct. 11, 1955 E. FOUQUET GRINDING MACHINES 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 11 1951 Oct. 11, 1955 E. FOUQUET 2,720,062

GRINDING MACHINES Filed Sept. 11 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Oct. 11, 1955 E. FOUQUET 2,720,062

GRINDING MACHINES Filed Sept. 11 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 s. Rpm.

E. FOUQUET GRINDING MACHINES Oct. 11, 1955 Filed Sept. 11. 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 United States PatentO GRINDING MACHINES Eugene Fouquet, Bois-Colombes, France Application September 11, 1951, Serial No. 246,002 Claims priority, application France May 14, 1948 Claims. (Cl. 51-165) The present invention is concerned with grinding machines which, in addition to a work-piece machining grinder, include dressing means for keeping up the profile of this grinder.

On such machines it is irnportantthat the dressing means could be easily and suitably set in or out of operation in order that the grinding wheel may be rectified without laborious regulation, such rectification being necessary to ensure the correct profile of the grinding wheel when machining the work piece.

According to the invention, this result is obtained by mounting the grinding wheel on a carriage slidable on the machine framework, whereas the dressing device is mounted on another carriage slidable on said first named carriage, and by designing the controls of these carriages in such a way that the latter may travel either jointly or separately.

Consequently, the carriage of the dressing device can, according to the invention, be displaceable on the carriage of the grinding wheel.

The dressing device may be constituted by a dressing wheel mounted on the carriage so that it may be moved towards or away from the grinding wheel, and by a wheel intended to keep up the profile of this dressing wheel and which may be moved towards or away from the latter.

The dressing device may also be carried out in a differ ent manner, for examaple with the oscillating diamond support mounted on the carriage, if it is desired only to give the grinding wheel a rounded profile.

As the elements necessary for regulation of the carriages, with respect to each other, cannot be utilized to advantage for raising and lowering the grinding wheel on the work piece, every time a new piece is placed on the machine, because of severe conditions required for accurate regulation, there is provided, according to the invention, a manually or mechanically operated lever connected with the carriages in such a way that both of them may be rapidly raised or lowered, independently of their individual regulating elements.

' Further features of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and appended claims.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying, more or less diagrammatic, drawings which illustrate two embodiments thereof and in which:

Figs. 1 to 6 illustrate one of these embodiments, the other being illustrated in Figs. 7 to 10.

Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the grinding wheel, and Fig. 2 is a profile view; Figs. 3 to 6 are detail views;

Fig. 7 is a vertical section of the said other embodiment, taken on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the grinding wheel; Fig. 8 is a profile view, while Fig. v9 is a detail view and Fig. 10, a horizontal view.

1 In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 6, denoted by referencenumeral 1 is the stationary machine frame on which may slide the carriage 3 supporting the grinding ice wheel 2. On the carriage 3 may in turn slide the carriage 4 supporting the dressing device. The grinding wheel 2 is mounted on a shaft 5 rotatable in the carriage 3 and driven by a motor. not shown.

Supported on the carriage 4 is the dressing wheel 7, for instance a grinding wheel, rotatable with its axle 6. The axle 6 is mounted eccentrically in a sleeve 8 by means of an eccentric bearing 10 adjustable by means of a handle 9 fixedly connected to the bearing 10 and extending in radial direction therefrom through a slot in the sleeve 8 (Fig. 5), so that without mutual adjustment of the carriages 3 and 4 the dressing wheel 7 may be moved towards or away from the grinding wheel 2 by turning the eccentric bearing 10 in the sleeve 8, within convenient limits. After the dressing wheel 7 has been adjusted the bearing 10 is locked in position by the handwheel 52 which cooperates with locking jaws, similar to the jaws 48, 49 shown in Fig. 6. When the wear of the wheel 2 is stronger than that corresponding to the eccentricity of the journal 10, it is readily understandable that the carriage 4 must be displaced toward the grinding wheel.

The carriage 4 further supports an upkeep wheel 11 which is also a grinding wheel. This wheel is carried by an axle 12 (Fig. 3) which is mounted eccentrically in a bearing 13 in turn rotatable in a bearing 14. The position of this bearing may be adjusted by means of a handle 15. The regulation of the carriages 3 and 4 is carried out by means of threaded rods 16, 17 which are screwed into these carriages and may rotate and slide in the framework 1.

As is seen in Fig. 1, the rod 16 is screwed into a lug 18 of carriage 3 and its upper portion passes through a housing 19 integral with the framework 1. Within this housing the rod 16 carries a worm wheel 20 rotatable and slidable on this red, and meshing with a worm 22 that may be rotated by means of a hand wheel 21 (Fig. 2). The upper portion of the wheel 20 is formed with a cone clutch 23 cooperating with the inner cone of a sleeve 24 slidable but non-rotatable on the rod 16, and which may be set in engagement with the cone of the wheel 20 by means of a lever 26 one end of which is movable about an axle 25, whereas the other end thereof is actuated by a cam 27 of an axle 29 rotated by means of a handle 28. The clutch sleeve 24 is loaded with a coil spring 30.

In the position shown in Fig. l the sleeve 24 is in engagement with the cone 23 of worm wheel 20. If the worm 22 is rotated by means of the hand wheel 21, the rod 16 will rotate under the action of the worm wheel 20 and that of the sleeve 24 which is in engagement with this wheel and which, as already seen, is sp'lined to the rod 16 for slidable movement therealong while being capable of imparting rotation thereto. According to the sense of rotation of the worm 22, the lower end of the rod 16,. by being screwed into the lug 18, will move the carriage 3 towards or away from the work.

The rod 17 may rotate but not slide in the upper portion 31 of carriage 3, and its lower threaded end is screwed into a lug 32 rigid with the carriage 4. The upper end of rod 17, that passes through the housing 19, carries a worm wheel 33 loose on this rod and meshing with the worm 22. The rod 17 may rotate, in the same manner as does the rod 16, by means of a lever 34 cooperating with a handle 35 and acting upon a clutch sleeve 37 which may slide but not rotate on the rod 17 and is loaded with a spring 36.

It is readily understandable that if the rod 17 is rotated, the carriage 4 will move towards or away from the wheel 2. If, as shown in the drawing, the two handles 28 and 35 are in the clutched position, the two carriages 3 and 4 will be displaced at the same time when the worm 22 will be rotated. If the handle 28 is work piece 38.

In order to move the grinding wheel 2 into, and away from, its working position, a lever 39, pivoting on the axle 40 secured to the frame 1, is connected with the rod 16. This lever may be hand-operated, but in the drawing there is shown a hydraulic control device consisting of a cylinder 41 that includes a displaceable piston 42 pivotally connected with the lever 39 by means of a piston rod 43.

I ering a portion of the periphery of the ratchet wheel 71,

The piston 42 is displaceable by a liquid under pressure fed into the cylinder 41 through pipes 44 and 45. In order to bring the grinding wheel 2 into the exact position, the displacement of the lever 39 is limited by adjustable abutments 46 and 47. In order to immobilize the bearing 13 in the position determined by the handle 15, use may be made of the device shown in Fig. 6 and which is composed of two jaws 48, 49 mounted on an axle t) provided with right-hand and left-hand threads, which axle may be rotated in the carriage 4 by means of the hand wheel 51.

Of course, the bearing may be immobilized in the similar way with the aid of the hand wheel 52.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 7 to 10, similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts of Fig. 1 to 6.

Accordingly, I shows the stationary frame, 2thc grinding wheel, 3 and 4respectively, the carriage of the grinding wheel and that of the dressing device which in this case comprises a diamond 55 secured to a support 56 that may oscillate on the carriage 4 by means of journals 57 and 58. Keyed to the journal 58 is a pinion 59 (Fig. 8) meshing with a rack 60 arranged at the lower end of a rod 62 carrying a piston 63 displaceable in a hydraulic cylinder 61.

Denoted by references 64 and 65 are the pipes through the one or the other of which a liquid under pressure is fed into the cylinder 61, this feed being regulated by abutments 66, 67 carried by the piston rod 62. It is thus possible to impart to the piston 63 an upward and downward motion, whereby the diamond carrier 56 is subjected to a forward and backward oscillation. The diamond 55 will thus rectify the working periphery of grinding wheel 2 to a semicircular profile, so that this wheel will hollow out semicircular grooves in or on desired mechanical work pieces.

The diamond carrier may be given a continuous or occasional oscillating motion at the rate of from 5 to 6 oscillations per minute.

For relative adjustment of the carriages 3 and 4, in respect to each other, there is provided a device similar to that shown in Figs. 1 to 6.

If a more automatic adjustment of the carriages 3, 4 is desired, there may be mounted on the axle 68 of worm 22 a hydraulically operated control device which comprises (Fig. 9) a sector 69 rotatable on the axle 68 and carrying a spring-loaded pawl 70 adapted to drive a ratchet wheel 71 keyed to the axle 68.

The sector 69 receives a reciprocating motion about the axle 68 from the piston rod 72 connected to the piston 74 displaceable in the cylinder 73. The latter is pivotally connected to an axle 75 and is provided with pipes 76, 77 through which a liquid under pressure is fed into the cylinder 73. For regulating the rotation of the ratchet wheel 71, and hence of the axle 68, in spite of the pawl 70 always effecting the same stroke, there is provided a shield 78 displaceable about the axle 68 and covwhich shield may be adjusted by means of a split-pin 79 in any desired position in respect to a guide 80 provided with holes and secured to the framework.

When the grinding wheel 2 has been rectified with the diamond 55 and when the carriages 3, 4 have been adjusted through the hand wheel 21 or the pawl 70, in respect to each other and in respect to the piece 38 to be machined in the desired positions, the displacement of the grinding wheel 2 for moving the same towards, or away from, the piece 38 is obtained with the aid of the hydraulically operated lever 39, whereby the displacement of the grinding wheel may be effected with great rapidity, convenience and security.

What is claimed is:

1. A grinding machine, comprising, in combination, a frame; a first carriage mounted on said frame for movement along a first path to and from a working position and being adapted to carry a grinding wheel; a second carriage mounted on said first carriage for movement with respect to'the same along a second path parallel to said first path and being adapted to carry a dressing means for dressing a grinding wheel mounted on said first carriage; moving means operatively connected to said first carriage for moving the latter and said second carriage therewith along said paths, respectively, through a predetermined distance to and from said working position; first adjusting means operatively connected to said first carriage for adjusting the position thereof along said first path; second adjusting means operatively connected to said second carriage for adjusting the position thereof along said second path with respect to said first carriage; and operating means operatively connected to said firstand second adjusting means for selectively operating the latter separately or simultaneously.

2. A grinding machine, comprising, in combination, a frame; a first carriage mounted on said frame for movement to and from a working position and being adapted to carry a grinding wheel; a second carriage mounted on said first carriage for movement with respect to the same and being adapted to carry a dressing means for dressing a grinding wheel mounted on said first carriage; lever means turnably mounted on said frame and operatively connected to said first carriage for moving the latter and said second carriage therewith through a predetermined distance to and from said working position; first adjusting means operatively connected to said first carriage for adjusting the position thereof on said frame; second adjusting means operatively connected to said second carriage for adjusting the position thereof on said first carriage; operating means operatively connected to said first and second adjusting means for selectively operating the latter separately or simultaneously; and adjustable stop means located adjacent to said lever means for limiting the turning movement thereof so as to adjust the predetermined distance through which said first carriage is moved by said lever means.

3. A grinding machine, comprising, in combination, a frame; a carriage mounted on said frame for movement to and from a working position and being adapted to' carry a grinding wheel; an elongated shaft threadedly connected to said carriage and being mounted on said frame for axial and turning movement thereon; drive means operatively connected to said shaft for turning the same so as to move said carriage on said frame; clutch means located between said drive means and shaft for connecting and disconnecting said drive means from said shaft; a sleeve through which said shaft extends; means engaging said sleeve and shaft to prevent axial displacement of saidsleeve and shaft with respect to each other; a lever turnably mounted intermediate its ends on said frame and being connected at one end thereof to said sleeve so that when said lever is turned said shaft and carriage therewith are moved with respect to said frame;

and turning means operatively connected to said lever for turning the same. l

4. A grinding machine, comprising, in combination, a frame; a first carriage mounted on said frame for movement to and from a working position and being adapted to carry a grinding wheel; a second carriage mounted on said first carriage for movement with respect to the same and being adapted to carry a dressing means for dressing a grinding wheel on said first carriage; a pair of elongated shafts threadedly connected to said carriages, respectively, and each being mounted on said frame for axial and turning movement thereon; drive means common to said shafts and being operatively connected thereto for turning the same; a pair of clutch means respectively located between said shafts and drive means for selectively connecting the latter to said shafts so as to turn the latter separately or simultaneously; a sleeve through which extends that one of said shafts which is connected to said first carriage; means engaging said sleeve and said one shaft to prevent axial displacement between said sleeve and said one shaft; a lever turnably mounted intermediate its ends on said frame and being connected at one end thereof to said sleeve so that when said lever is turned said one shaft and said carriages and the other of said shafts therewithare moved with respect to said frame; and turning means operatively connected to said lever for turning the same.

5. A grinding machine, comprising, in combination, a frame; a first carriage mounted on said frame for movement to and from a working position and being adapted to carry a grinding wheel; a second carriage mounted on said first carriage for movement with respect to the same and being adapted to carry a dressing means for dressing a grinding wheel on said first carriage; a pair of elongated shafts threadedly connected to said carriages, respectively, and each being mounted on said frame for axial and turning movement thereon; drive means common to said shafts and being operatively connected thereto for turning the same; a pair of clutch means respectively located between said shafts and drive means for selectively connecting the latter to said shafts so as to turn the latter separately or simultaneously; a sleeve through which extends that one of said shafts which is connected to said first carriage; means engaging said sleeve and said one shaft to prevent axial displacement between said sleeve and said one shaft; a lever turnably mounted intermediate its ends on said frame and being connected at one end thereof to said sleeve so that when said lever is turned said one shaft and said carriages and the other of said shafts therewith are moved with respect to said frame; turning means operatively connected to said lever for turning the same; and adjustable stop means located adjacent said lever for limiting the turning movement thereof so as to limit the stroke through which said carriages are moved by said turning means.

6. A grinding machine as defined in claim 4 and where in said drive means is in the form of a worm and a pair of worm wheels located on opposite sides of said worm and meshing with the latter, and wherein said pair of clutch means are in the form of a pair of sleeves respectively connected to said worm wheels for turning movement therewith and each having a conical end portion, and a pair of conical clutch members slidably keyed to said shafts, respectively, and being adapted to be moved into and out of engagement with said sleeves so as to connect and disconnect the drive from the latter to said shafts.

7. A grinding machine, comprising, in combination, a frame; a first carriage mounted on said frame for movement to and from a working position and being adapted to carry a grinding wheel; a second carriage mounted on said first carriage for movement with respect to the same and being adapted to carry a dressing means for dressing a grinding wheel on said first carriage; a pair of elongated shafts threadedly connected to said carriages, re-

spectively, and each being mounted on said frame for axial and turning movement thereon; automatic drive means common to said shafts and being operatively connected thereto for turning the same; a pair of clutch means respectively located between said shafts and drive means for selectively connecting the latter to said shafts so as to turn the latter separately or simultaneously; a sleeve through which extends that one of said shafts which is connected to said first carriage; means engaging said sleeve and said one shaft to prevent axial, displacement between said sleeve and said one shaft; a lever turnably mounted intermediate its CHClSOIl said frame and being connected at one end thereof to said sleeve so that when said lever is turned said one shaft and said carriages and the other of said shafts therewith are moved with respect to said frame; and turning means operatively connected to said lever for turning the same.

8. A grinding machine as defined in claim 7 and wherein said automatic drive means is in theform of a worm and a pair of worm wheels located on opposite sides of said worm and meshing with the latter, a ratchet wheel connected to said worm for turning the latter, a pawl operatively connected to said ratchet wheel for turning the latter, reciprocating means operatively 'connected to said pawl for reciprocating the latter, a plate coaxial with said ratchet wheel and overlapping the latter for engaging said pawl to move the same away from said ratchet wheel so as to limit the extent through which the latter is turned by said pawl, adjusting means connected to said plate for adjusting the position thereof with respect to said pawl, and wherein said pair of clutch means are in the form of a pair of sleeves respectively connected to said Worm wheels for turning movement therewith and each having a conical end portion, and a pair of conical clutch members slidably keyed to said shafts, respectively, and being adapted to be moved into and out of engagement with said sleeves so as to connect and disconnect the drive from the latter to said shafts.

9. A grinding machine, comprising, in combination, a frame; a first carriage mounted on said frame for movement along a first path to and from a working position; a grinding wheel turnably mounted on said first carriage; a second carriage mounted on said first carriage for movement with respect to the same along a second path parallel to said first path; dressing means mounted on said second carriage for dressing said grinding wheel; moving means operatively connected to said first carriage for moving the latter and said second carriage therewith through a predetermined distance along said first and second paths, respectively, to and from said working position; a first adjusting means operatively connected to said first carriage for adjusting the position thereof along said first path; second adjusting means operatively connected to said second carriage for adjusting the position thereof along said second path with respect to said first carriage; and operating means operatively connected to said first and second adjusting means for selectively operating the latter separately or simultaneously.

10. A grinding machine, comprising, in combination, a frame; a first carriage mounted on said frame for movement along a first path to and from a working position; a grinding wheel turnably mounted on said first carriage; a second carriage mounted on said first carriage for movement with respect to the same along a second path parallel to said first path; dressing means mounted on said second carriage for dressing said grinding wheel; moving means operatively connected to said first carriage for moving the latter and said second carriage therewith through a predetermined distance along said first and second paths, respectively, to and from said working position; a first adjusting means operatively connected to said first carriage for adjusting the position thereof along said first path; second adjusting means operatively connected to said second carriage for adjusting the position thereof along said second path with respect to said first carriage; operating means operatively connected to said first and second adjusting means for selectively operating the latter separately or simultaneously; and truing means mounted on said second carriage for movement toward and away from said dressing means for truing the latter.

11. A grinding machine as defined in claim 10 and wherein said dressing meansis in the form of a dressing wheel turnably mounted on said second carriage for dressing said grinding wheel and wherein said truing means is in the form of a second grinding wheel for grinding said dressing wheel.

12. A grinding machine as defined in claim 10 and wherein said dressing means is in the form of a dressing wheel turnably mounted on said second carriage for dressing said grinding wheel and wherein said truing means is in the form of a second grinding wheel for grinding said dressing wheel, a pair of cylindrical members turnably mounted on said second carriage, a pair of shafts respectively carrying said dressing wheel and second grinding wheel and respectively being eccentrically mounted in said cylindrical members so that when the latter are turned said dressing wheel and second grinding wheel are respectively moved in translation on said second carriage, and a pair of handles respectively connected to said cylindrical members. for turning the latter so as to adjust the position of said dressing wheel and second grinding wheel on said carriage.

13. A grinding machine as defined in claim 10 and wherein said dressing means is in the form of a dressing wheel turnably mounted on said second carriage for dressing said grinding wheel and wherein said truing means is in the form of a second grinding wheel for grinding said dressing wheel, a pair of cylindrical members turnably mounted on said second carriage, a pair of shafts respectively carrying said dressing wheel and second grinding wheel and respectively being eccentrically mounted in said cylindrical members so that when the latter are turned said dressing wheel and second grinding wheel are respectively moved in translation on said second carriage, a pair of handles respectively connected to said cylindrical members for turning the latter so as to adjust the position of said dressing wheel and second grinding wheel on said second carriage; and a pair of releasable lock means respectively connected to said cylindrical members for releasably locking the same on said second carriage so as to lock said dressing wheel and second grinding wheel in a predetermined position, respectively, on said second carriage.

14. A grinding machine as defined in claim .9 and wherein said dressing means is in the form of a diamond, a carrier connected to and carrying said diamond and being tiltably mounted on said second carriage, and reciprocating means operatively connected to said carrier for tilting the latter back and forth on said second carriage.

15. A grinding machine as defined in claim 9 and wherein said dressing means is in theform of a diamond, a carrier connected to and carrying said diamond and being tiltably mounted on said second carriage, a pinion fixedly connected to said carrier, a rack slidably mounted on said second carriage and meshing with said pinion, and reciprocating means operatively connected to said rack for reciprocating the latter so as to tilt said carrier and said diamond therewith back and forth for dressing said grinding wheel.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,301,377 Bruner Apr. 22, 1919 1,666,237 Fuller Apr. 17, 1928 1,797,704 Svenson Mar. 24, 1931 1,955,202 Otto Apr. 17, 1934 2,286,046 Wickman June 9, 1942 2,310,977 Mathys Feb. 16, 1943 2,545,730 Fouquet Mar. 20, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS 309,402 Great Britain Dec.'23, 1929 419,327 Germany Sept. 25, 1925 OTHER REFERENCES Ser. No. 420,312, Fonquet (A. P. C.), published June 15, 1943. 

